passages where Jews and Gentiles are communicating with each other. These are mostly in the letters that are quoted in the book. “Israel” seems to be the preferred term elsewhere. However, unlike the situation with reference to God, there seems to be no theological significance to this choice. The author seems to have used what was found in his sources, or whatever seemed appropriate in each situation. Problems for translators arise in the many passages where neither of these terms is used, but where